Apparatus for cooling comminuted solid material



June 24, 1924. 1,498,630

J. O. JENSEN APPARATUS FOR COOLING COMMINUTED SOLID MATERIAL Filed June8, 1921 2 Sheets-Shea l 511 U011 to:

June 24, 1924. 1,498,630 J. 0. JENSEN APPARATUS FOR COOLING COMMINUTEDSOLID MATEfiIAL Filed June 8, 1921 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 gwwemtoz M o. M 3 afl'ouam Patented June 24, 1924.

KENS 0. JENSEN, OF IBALTIMORE, MARYLAND.

APPARATUS FOR COOLING COMMINUTED SOLID MATERIAL.

Application filed June 8,

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JENS O. JENSEN, a. subject of the King of Denmark,residing at Baltimore. State of Maryland, have invented a certain newand useful Improvement in Apparatus for Cooling Comminuted SolidMaterial, of which the following is a specification.

Connninuted clay. or as more particularly termed fullers earth, is usedfor the filtering of oils. After such use and to prepare the clay againfor filtering, it is commonly heated in kilns to temperatures of 600Fahr. 01' over. Before reemployment it is desirable to cool the heatedclay down to between 100 and 110 Fahr. This has hither to been donechiefly in three ways: by exposure to the air while held in suitablecontaining vessels; by similar exposure while caused to descend a seriesof shelves or steps, and by placing the clay in long rotating inclinedcylinders cooled by water externally applied. All of these operationspresent economical difliculties, which are noted in some detailhereinafter. The present invention is a cooling apparatus in which thesedifliculties are overcome, and the cost of handling and time required tocool the clay materially reduced.

In the accompanying drawings Fig. 1 is an elevation of my clay-coolingapparatus. Fig. 2 shows in enlarged section the clay receptacle, theup-flow conduit and the air-blast nozzle disposed in the lower end ofsaid conduit. Fig. 3 is a vertical section, showing the upper clayreceptacle and the upper end of the up-flow conduit entering saidreceptacle through the inclined portion of the bottom thereof.

Fig. 4 is a horizontal section on the line 4, 4 of Fig. 3. Fig. 5 is apartial view of the under side of the bottom of said receptacle, showingthe place of attachment of the down-flow conduit leading from saidreceptacle.

Similar numbers of reference indicate like parts.

The hot clay as it comes from the kiln is placed in the receptacle 1,into which enters the lower end of the vertical up-flow conduit 9. Alsoentering said receptacle is a pipe 3 leading to any suitable source ofair under pressure and having at its end the nozzle 5 which is disposedvertically within conduit 2. The diameter of the nozzle is much lessthan the diameter of the 1921 Serial No. 476,090.

conduit, so that a clearance 5* exists between the nozzle and theconduit Wall, through which clearance the air blast from the nozzledraws the external cool atmosphere into the conduit. The particles of'3. The clay particles continuing their upwaird motion impinge upon abaflle, here the sides of the inverted pyramidal deflector 8 which issupported by four brace-rods 9 secured to the deflector walls, and bysaid deflector are directed downward upon the inclined portion 6 of thereceptacle bottom, and slide by gravity thereon to the flat and lowerportion 10 of said bottom which communicates with the down-flow conduit11. The upper edges of the deflector are preferably curved over, asshown at 12.

The clay particles then move down conduit 11 by gravity to a receptacle13, similar to receptacle 1, from which they are elevated by an air jet,as before, through a second up-flow pipe 14 to receptacle 15,constructed similarly to receptacle 7, whence they pass finally bygravity through downflow conduit 16 to any suitable container 17, whencethe now cooled clay is removed as needed.

An apparatus, .as above described, having substantially the followingdimensions has been built by me and is now in successful practicaloperation. With an air pressure of forty pounds per square inch, I makethe up-fiow conduits of about forty-five feet lift. The diameter of theair nozzle 5 'is five-eighths of an inch. The conduits are of iron orsteel and six inches in diameter. The upper receptacles 7 and,15 areeach ten feet in height by five feet in, diameter. The deflector pyramid8 is thirty inches in diameter and four feet from apex to base. Wherethe clay enters from the kiln at about 500 Fahr., its temperature onleaving upper receptacle 7 is about 200 Fahr., and on leaving receptacle15, about 105 Fahr.

Especial attention is now directed to the fact that the quick cooling ofthe clay is effected not only by radiation while traversing theconfining conduits and by the cold air drawn in by the air jet throughclearance 5* around the nozzle, but by the expansion of the air blast inwhich the particles are entrained and which rapidly absorbs their heat.

It is important that the longitudinal central axes of the nozzle 5 andthe deflector pyramid 8 should be placed to coincide with thelongitudinal central axis oi the updlow conduit; for it the jet beinclined at an angle, so that the clay particles driven by the powerfulair current impact strongly upon the inner surface of the up-flowconduit, they will act like a sand blast to abrade the conduit wall.

When the particles enter the enlarged space in receptacle 7 theirvelocity is, of course, decreased, so that when they strike thedeflector 8 their momentum is destroyed by the impact and they fall bygravity first upon the inclined portion 6 of the bottom of thereceptacle 7 and then through the conduit 11. As the impelling force isthen small, any abrasion of said conduit 11 is negligible. Theinclination of conduit 11 should be no more than enough to determine thedescent of the clay therein by gravity.

Besides cooling the clay it is desirable to remove such part of it asmay have become too finely pulverized for filtering purposes, or, inother words, the dust. This I accomplish by providing outlet ducts 18 inreceptacles 7 and 15, which ducts are disposed above the defiectors.While the particles of suitable size for filtering are, as alreadydescribed, thrown back by the deflector, the light dust is carriedonward by the air blast, passing through the clearances 19 between thedeflector and the receptacle walls, and so to the outlet.

In Fig. 1, l have shown the apparatus installed in buildings, indicatedby dotted lines, with the upper receptacles supported by posts 20 abovethe roofs, but any other supporting means can,,of course, be chosen.

As compared with the cooling means al ready noted as in the prior art, Ifind by practical experience with them and by actual tests underpractical working conditions, that my present invention offers thefollowing advantages.

Where the clay is exposed to the atmosphere in containers, eachcontainer weighs some three hundred pounds when full. To fill them andtransport them requires a great deal of hand labor. They occupy muchfloor space. To cool the clay in them from 500 Fahr. to between to Fahr.requires about one week, during which time all of the clay is dead-thatis, out of use.

Where the clay is caused to descend steps or shelves while exposed tothe atmosphere, requires elevating apparatus to carry the material tothe highest shelf, its descent by gravity is slow, and the use of fansto project air currents upon the descending thin aceaeao Flow betweenthe steps tends to scatter the particles. The cooling time under theseconditions is about t'wentyiour hours.

The rotary cooling cylinders employed are about sixty feet in length bylive "Feet in diameter, and are set inclined so that the clay introducedat the upper end descends by gravity to the outlet. They weigh. from sixto eight tons, and their speed of rotation must be narrowly determined,"for it they rotate too fast the cooling is not effectively done. Afurther and very serious trouble arises from the fact that theapplication of cold water to the exterior of the cylinder causes aninternal sweating and the consequent production of moisture which.mingling with the clay, prevents its absorbing the oil during thefiltering operation, tor which dry clay is necessary. The sameditficul'ty occurs with the clay when exposed in containers, if it isattempted to cool these by external refrigerants.

In the practice of my invention, no handling of the clay is requiredafter it is placed in the first receptacle, from which it is entrainedby the air jet. No sweating can occur in any receptacle or conduit. Noattendance is required for lubrication, which is an important matterwhen the ponderous rotating cylinders are used. The apparatus can beinstalled in any convenient place to which the compressed air for thenozzle can be conducted. And, finally, the actual period of preparingthe clay for filtering purposes, beginning with its placing in theheating kiln and ending with its being cooled and ready for use, neednot exceed one hour.

I claim:

1. Apparatus for cooling comminuted solid material, comprising areceptacle to receive said material open to access of air, an upwardlyextending conduit communicating at its lower end with said receptacle,an injector nozzle for delivering a blast of compressed air into saidlower end to entrain said material and cause the same to traverse saidconduit, an elevated receptacle having a lower end through which theupper end of said conduit passes, the elevation of said receptacle beingadapted to provide a substantial cooling effect for the material by theexpansion of the air reaching the same, a discharge outlet for saidmaterial disposed at the lower end of the elevated receptacle, aninclined baflie inside said elevated receptable intercepting thedelivery from the upper end of said conduit and receiving the impact ofthe particles of comminuted material entering from said conduit anddiverting the same toward said lower end and discharge outlet, and anair and dust exit from said elevated receptacle.

2. Apparatus for cooling comminuted solid material, comprising areceptacle for said material, a vertical conduit communieating at itslower end with said receptacle, means for delivering an air jet, at atleast 40 lbs. pressure into said lower end to entrain said material andcause the same to ascend said conduit, a receptacle receiving saidmaterial from said conduit and having a discharge outlet at the lowerend thereof, and a baflie of substantially inverted pyramidal shapedisposed in said last-named receptacle above said outlet and'above theupper end of said'conduit, the central longitudinal axes of said jet andsaid pyramidal baflle coinciding with the central longitudinal axis ofsaid conduit.

3. Apparatus for cooling comminuted solid material, comprising areceptacle to receive said material, an upwardly extending conduitcommunicating at its lower end with said receptacle, means fordelivering a blast of compressed air into said lower end to entrain saidmaterial and to cause the same to ascend said conduit, a chamberreceiving said material from said conduit and having.

material as received and delivering the same to an upstanding conduitcommunicating at its lower end with said second receptacle, means fordelivering an air blast into said upstanding conduit to entrain andelevate said material, a second receiving chamber receiving the materialfrom said upstanding conduit and separate outlets for air and saidmaterial from said second chamber.

In testimony whereof I have aflixed my signature in presence of twowitnesses.

JENS 0. JENSEN. Witnesses:

GERTRUDE' T. PORTER, MAY T. MCGARRY.

